ECONOMETRİC ANALYSİS OF THE STRUCTURE OF FREİGHT TRANSPORTATİON İN THE TRANSPORT CORRİDORS OF AZERBAİJAN AND İTS PROSPECTS

Abstract

Transport corridors, as one of the most important elements of the modern economy, play a key role in the formation of trade flows, logistics connections and transit opportunities between countries. The Republic of Azerbaijan, which is located in a particularly favorable geographical position at the intersection of international transport corridors, is of strategic importance in interregional freight transportation. In general, in the modern world, having transport-transit-logistics opportunities is considered one of the main advantages. In fact, there is an economic struggle among the world's countries for having favorable transport-transit opportunities. Because in the 21st century, characterized by rapid integration and globalization processes, issues such as access to foreign markets, active participation in processes taking place in the global space, formation of competitive national production, flexible access to necessary markets, etc. have become a necessary condition for the sustainable development of modern nation-states. All this is impossible without transport connections. The fact that our country is located within the North-South, East-West transport corridors creates certain advantages. The purpose of the study is to analyze the changes in freight transportation along transport corridors in the Republic of Azerbaijan for 2023-2025 based on an econometric approach, as well as to conduct research towards a more efficient use of international transport corridors. For this purpose, a logarithmic linear panel data model was applied, which allowed to simultaneously assess both changes over time and structural differences between corridors. Based on all this, proposals and recommendations have been developed for more efficient use of transport and transit opportunities, more flexible organization of transportation along international transport corridors, especially the Middle Corridor.